NSC Marine Sciences Marine Biodiversity and Evolution: 1.1 Various options are provided

Question

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.9) in the ANSWER BOOK.

1.1.1 Which statement about brittle stars is CORRECT?  
A They evert their stomachs to digest their food.  
B They use only their tube feet for locomotion.  
C They have no anus.  
D Their mouths are on the upper surface.

1.1.2 A turtle species known to nest on northern KZN beaches in significant numbers:  
A Green  
B Olive Ridley  
C Hawksbill  
D Leatherback

1.1.3 The lateral line organ in bony fish detects …  
A chemicals in the water.  
B temperature of the water.  
C vibrations.

1.1.4 Which fins in Osteichthyes are generally paired?  
A Caudal  
B Pelvic  
C Anal  
D Dorsal

1.1.5 Consider the following characteristics and complete the statement below.  
(i) Diploblastic  
(ii) Tripoblastic  
(iii) Bone vertebral column  
(iv) Jawless  
(v) No paired fins

Characteristic features of Agnathan fish include …  
A (i), (iii) and (v).  
B (ii), (iv) and (v).  
C (i), (ii) and (iv).  
D (ii), (iii) and (iv).

1.1.6 In 1910 the African penguin population size was estimated to be 1 500 000 penguins. Just over a century later, in 2012, there were only 23 700.  
What percentage is the 2012 population size of the 1910 population size?  
A 15,80%  
B 1,58%  
C 0,015%

1.1.7 Most elasmobranchs retain urea in their blood and body tissues. The reason for this is to …  
A make them taste bad, so other predators do not eat them.  
B keep their gills more efficient.  
C keep the concentration of their cells isotonic with sea water.

1.1.8 Fish living in fresh water …  
A absorb a lot of water and produce a lot of urine.  
B need to drink a lot.  
C are hypotonic to their surroundings.  
D have no kidneys.

1.2 Give a suitable scientific word/term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK. 
1.2.1 Small bones in some animals or the flat bony plates forming the skeleton of echinoderms
1.2.2 Animal phyla in which the blastopore becomes the anus
1.2.3 A common opening for the digestive and reproductive tracts in vertebrates
1.2.4 A form of camouflage, where the dorsal surface of a flying or swimming animal blends in with the surface below it, while the ventral surface blends in with the sky or water surface above it
1.2.5 An oxygen-storing substance similar to haemoglobin, found in the muscles of some animals
1.2.6 The bony plates on the ventral surface of a turtle or tortoise
1.2.7 The ability of certain organisms to emit light from their bodies
1.2.8 The small bones in the inner ear of a fish, which can be used to estimate their age

1.3 Indicate whether each of the descriptions in COLUMN I apply to A ONLY, B ONLY, BOTH A AND B or NONE of the items in COLUMN II. Write only, A only, B only, both A & B or none next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.

COLUMN I		COLUMN II  
1.3.1 A reproductive strategy in turtles		A: allitrcal  
1.3.2 A mammalian reproductive strategy		B: oviparous  
1.3.3 Double circulation				C: ovoviviparous  
1.3.4 Sexual place					D: Odonotcetes  
1.3.5 Scales of dermal origin				E: Reptilia

1.4 Study the picture of an animal in the class Aves to answer the questions that follow.

1.4.1 For feather A, give:  
(a) The name  
(b) ONE function

1.4.2 Answer the following questions on feathers:  
(a) Name ONE other type of feather found on birds.  
(b) State ONE function of the feather in your answer to QUESTION 1.4.2(a).

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 1 - 2021 - Paper 2

Worked Solution & Example Answer:1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions - NSC Marine Sciences - Question 1 - 2021 - Paper 2

1.1.1 Which statement about brittle stars is CORRECT?

1.1.2 A turtle species known to nest on northern KZN beaches in significant numbers:

1.1.3 The lateral line organ in bony fish detects …

1.1.4 Which fins in Osteichthyes are generally paired?

1.1.5 Characteristic features of Agnathan fish include …

1.1.6 What percentage is the 2012 population size of the 1910 population size?

1.1.7 The reason for elasmobranchs retaining urea in their blood and body tissues is to …

1.1.8 Fish living in fresh water …

1.2.1 Small bones in some animals or the flat bony plates forming the skeleton of echinoderms

1.2.2 Animal phyla in which the blastopore becomes the anus

1.2.3 A common opening for the digestive and reproductive tracts in vertebrates

1.2.4 A form of camouflage, where the dorsal surface of a flying or swimming animal blends in with the surface below it

1.2.5 An oxygen-storing substance similar to haemoglobin, found in some animals

1.2.6 The bony plates on the ventral surface of a turtle or tortoise

1.2.7 The ability of certain organisms to emit light from their bodies

1.2.8 The small bones in the inner ear of a fish, used to estimate their age

1.3.1 A reproductive strategy in turtles

1.3.2 A mammalian reproductive strategy

1.3.3 Double circulation

1.3.4 Sexual place

1.3.5 Scales of dermal origin

1.4.1 For feather A, give: (a) The name

1.4.2 Answer the following questions on feathers: (a) Name ONE other type of feather found on birds.

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