NSC Maritime Economics Careers: 4.1 With regards to the cargo of

Question

4.1 With regards to the cargo of raw sugar carried by MV Petra, which company was the ...

4.1.1 Carrier?  
4.1.2 Shipper?  
4.1.3 Consignee?

4.2 Assume that the shipment was done with INCOTERM DDP. Choosing between SHIPPER; CARRIER; CONSIGNEE; or AGENT; who will be responsible for ...

4.2.1 loading costs?  
4.2.2 ocean freight?  
4.2.3 discharging costs?

4.3 How many bills of lading will be issued for the cargo of sugar carried by MV Petra per voyage?

4.4 The sea distance from Port of Santos to Durban is 4 838 nautical miles. Assume that MV Petra spent four days in Santos, and six days in Durban per voyage. Also assume that she allowed three days for anchorage per round voyage.

4.4.1 What is the total number of days for one round voyage? BE CAREFUL.  
4.4.2 How much HFO will MV Petra consume per round voyage?  
4.4.3 Master requested 900 tons of HFO in Santos. What would have been the minimum amount of HFO already onboard in order to cover one round voyage?  
4.4.4 In addition to the minimum required HFO for one round voyage, the chief engineer insisted that they take 10% more as emergency bunkers. Why must ships carry additional or emergency bunkers?

4.5 Read the following article and answer the questions set:

SOUTH Africa is facing a shortage of sugar, the new 'white gold', with local mills unable to meet the local demand, Chris Engelbrecht, the chairperson of the Association of Southern Africa Sugar Importers (Assai), warned yesterday.

This is a further blow to South Africans, who are facing soaring food prices, exacerbated by supply chain woes due to the war in Ukraine, which has seen countries banning the export of key crops such as palm oil in the face of rampant inflation. Engelbrecht said sugar was like white gold. The usual price is R160 500 per ton (excluding VAT).

He said the current sugar import duty was R4 148 per ton, which was adjusted on
March 5, 2021 (the trigger date was November 30, 2020). Since then, there has been the duty triggers to reduce import duty and encouraged imports at a specific moment. Trigger 1 of February 11, 2021 was R354 per ton. Trigger 2 of September 28, 2021 was R2 983 per ton and Trigger 3 of April 14, 2022 was R1 946 per ton.

Assai said that should import duties be further reduced, there is R166 500 – R11 500 = R5 000 per ton.

Engelbrecht said the minister's office had informed the industry that in the last 10 months
there would be a rise in sugar shortages, blaming three main factors. Firstly, in July 2021, excessive rains ruined sugar cane and there was nothing left to crush this season. Secondly, the current floods would have no impact on the new crop of sugar, but it would be high and the local milling industry would support.
Now there is no sugar; he said.

South African Farmers Development Association (SAFDA) executive chairperson, Dr Siyabonga Madlala, confirmed that there was a shortage of sugar supply on the local market. "The industry management has been working closely with the milling companies to assess the situation and devise strategies to ensure that local market customers' needs are met," Madlala said.

SAFDA said last season (2021/22) the industry was unable to crush all the sugar cane that was kept for the season due to the rioting and unrest, which resulted in the loss of thousands of tons of cane that was burnt in arson attacks.

4.5.1 According to the article, what were the TWO causes of sugar shortage in South Africa?

4.5.2 The shortage of sugar caused an increase in the price of sugar. By how much did the price of a ton of sugar increase?

4.5.3 If the shortage of sugar prevails, how will the bulk carriers' freight rates be affected? CHOOSE: Increase; OR Stay the same; OR decrease.

4.5.4 Give a reason for your answer in 4.5.3.

4.5.5 A continuous shortage of sugar would call for more sugar to be imported into South Africa. How then would this impact sugar imports by the sugar industries?

4.6 Importance of Cape Agulhas route

4.7 Study the sailing schedule of Seahorse Container Line ships and answer the questions set:

SEAHORSE CONTAINER LINE: SERVICE SCHEDULE

PJJ Sugar Co. in Johannesburg ordered six containers worth of packaged white and brown sugar from a sister company in Algeciras. To keep their supply chain uninterrupted, they want the containers to arrive in the factory on or before 2nd November. They will also clear the containers.

Note that it will take one full day to clear the containers in Algeciras. It will take two days to clear the containers in Cape Town, and one day to move the containers from Cape Town to Johannesburg.

4.7.1 Which is the latest ship on which these containers can be shipped from Algeciras?

4.7.2 When will the containers arrive at the PJJ Sugar factory in Johannesburg?

4.7.3 How many days will it take to move the containers from Algeciras to Cape Town harbour?

4.7.4 Which organisation will clear the cargo on arrival in Cape Town?

4.1 With regards to the cargo of raw sugar carried by MV Petra, which company was the .. - NSC Maritime Economics - Question 4 - 2024 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:4.1 With regards to the cargo of raw sugar carried by MV Petra, which company was the .. - NSC Maritime Economics - Question 4 - 2024 - Paper 1

4.1.1 Carrier?

4.1.2 Shipper?

4.1.3 Consignee?

4.2.1 loading costs?

4.2.2 ocean freight?

4.2.3 discharging costs?

4.3 How many bills of lading will be issued for the cargo of sugar carried by MV Petra per voyage?

4.4.1 What is the total number of days for one round voyage? BE CAREFUL.

4.4.2 How much HFO will MV Petra consume per round voyage?

4.4.3 Master requested 900 tons of HFO in Santos. What would have been the minimum amount of HFO already onboard in order to cover one round voyage?

4.4.4 In addition to the minimum required HFO for one round voyage, the chief engineer insisted that they take 10% more as emergency bunkers. Why must ships carry additional or emergency bunkers?