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4.1 Temperatuur beïnvloed die struktuur van staal met betrekking tot yster en koolstof - English General - NSC Mechanical Technology Automotive - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1

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4.1 Temperatuur beïnvloed die struktuur van staal met betrekking tot yster en koolstof. Noem TWEE kenmerke van elk van die volgende: 4.1.1 Perliet 4.1.2 Semeniet ... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:4.1 Temperatuur beïnvloed die struktuur van staal met betrekking tot yster en koolstof - English General - NSC Mechanical Technology Automotive - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1

Step 1

4.1.1 Perliet

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Answer

Perliet is 'n microstrukture van staal wat die volgende kenmerke het:

  • Goeie smeebaarheid: Dit beteken dat perliet relatief maklik gevorm kan word wanneer dit verhit word.
  • Hard: Perliet is bekend vir sy hardheid, wat dit sterk en duursaam maak in toepassings waar hoë spanning en slytasie teenwoordig is.

Step 2

4.1.2 Semeniet

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Answer

Semeniet het die volgende kenmerke:

  • Baie hard: Dit is die hardste microstrukture in staal en bied uitstekende weerstand teen slytasie.
  • Bros: Terwyl semeniet baie hard is, is dit ook bros, wat beteken dat dit maklik kan breek onder druk.

Step 3

4.2.1 Laer kritieke punt (AC₁)

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Die laer kritieke punt (AC₁) is die temperatuur waar staal verhit word om 'n faseverandering teweeg te bring. Dit is die temperatuur waar die staal uit 'n ferriet- of perlietstruktuur begin verander.

Step 4

4.2.2 Hoër kritieke punt (AC₃)

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Die hoër kritieke punt (AC₃) is die hoogste temperatuur waar staal bereik moet word om die maksimum hardheid te bekom. Dit is ook die temperatuur waar staal sy magnetiese eienskappe heeltemal verloor.

Step 5

4.3 Watter ELEMENT bepaal die hardheid van staal?

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Answer

Die koolstofinhoud is die element wat die hardheid van staal bepaal. 'n Hoër koolstofinhoud lei tot 'n harder staal, terwyl laer koolstofinhoud 'n meer duurlike staal skep.

Step 6

4.4 Watter STRUKTUUR in staal bepaal die hardheid?

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Die hardheid van staal word hoofsaaklik bepaal deur die martensietstruktuur. Martensiet is bekend vir sy hoë hardheid en sterkte, wat dit uiters geskik maak vir hoë-prestasie toepassings.

Step 7

4.5 Watter STRUKTUUR in staal bepaal die rekbaarheid?

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Answer

Die rekbaarheid van staal word bepaal deur die ferrietstruktuur. Ferriet het goeie rekbaarheid en buigsaamheid, wat dit ideaal maak vir toepassings waar vervorming gewens is.

Step 8

4.6 Beskryf die oustenietstruktuur.

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Ousteniet is 'n kubieke struktuur wat stabiel is by hoë temperature. Dit het 'n hoë karboninhoud en is minder bros as martensiet. Die struktuur is ook nie-magneties en bied goeie smeebaarheid, wat dit nuttig maak in verskillende metaalbewerkingstoe-eigende.

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