10.1 Name TWO types of blowers that are used as superchargers in the engine of a motor vehicle - NSC Mechanical Technology Welding and Metalwork - Question 10 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 10
10.1 Name TWO types of blowers that are used as superchargers in the engine of a motor vehicle.
10.2 State the main function of superchargers.
10.3 State TWO advanta... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:10.1 Name TWO types of blowers that are used as superchargers in the engine of a motor vehicle - NSC Mechanical Technology Welding and Metalwork - Question 10 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Name TWO types of blowers that are used as superchargers in the engine of a motor vehicle.
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Answer
Roots blower
Centrifugal blower
Step 2
State the main function of superchargers.
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Answer
The main function of superchargers is to improve the volumetric efficiency of an engine, allowing it to take in more air, thereby increasing the engine’s output and performance.
Step 3
State TWO advantages of a supercharger when compared to a turbocharger.
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Answer
A supercharger provides instant power without the lag associated with turbochargers, as it is driven directly off the engine’s crankshaft.
Superchargers are generally less complex in installation and do not require specialized setups for exhaust routing.
Step 4
How is a turbocharger driven?
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Answer
A turbocharger is driven by the exhaust gases produced by the engine, which spin the turbine connected to a compressor that increases the intake air pressure.
Step 5
Define the run-away speed of a water turbine.
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Answer
The runaway speed of a water turbine is its speed at full flow and with no load attached, meaning it can spin excessively without any resistance.
Step 6
State the operational principles of EACH of the three water turbines shown in FIGURES 10.1, 10.2, and 10.3.
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Answer
10.6.1 Reaction principle: The Francis turbine operates on the reaction principle, where water changes pressure as it moves through the turbine, giving up its energy.
10.6.2 Impulse principle: The Pelton turbine operates on the impulse principle, where a water jet strikes the turbine blades and changes momentum, creating a force.
10.6.3 Reaction principle: The Kaplan turbine, similar to the Francis turbine, operates on the reaction principle where water pressure is converted to rotational energy.
Step 7
A gas turbine that is used as a jet engine is shown in FIGURE 10.4. Label phases A to D and part E.
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Answer
A. Intake / Inlet
B. Compression / Compressor
C. Combustion / Ignition
D. Exhaust / rotor / Outlet
E. Turbine / rotor / spinner
