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Mendelssohn demonstrates both Classical and Romantic features in his Hebrides Overture - NSC Music - Question 10 - 2017 - Paper 1
Question 10
Mendelssohn demonstrates both Classical and Romantic features in his Hebrides Overture. Write an essay in which you discuss this statement. You will be credited fo... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Mendelssohn demonstrates both Classical and Romantic features in his Hebrides Overture - NSC Music - Question 10 - 2017 - Paper 1
Step 1
Classical features
Answer
Mendelssohn's Hebrides Overture utilizes sonata form, a hallmark of Classical music that structures the composition into exposition, development, and recapitulation.
The orchestration features a standard classical orchestra, characteristic of the Classical era, allowing for a rich tonal palette. Additionally, the melodic material includes clearly defined melodies that are developed throughout the piece, which is fundamental in Classical composition.
Harmonically, the work showcases modulations to relative keys, providing a smooth transition between sections. It is influenced strongly by composers like Mozart and Beethoven, adhering to classical harmonic conventions, notably employing tonal harmony to create a cohesive sound. The overall texture is primarily homophonic, with some passages revealing more polyphonic textures, reflecting a sophisticated dialog among the instruments.
Step 2
Romantic features
Answer
In contrast, the Hebrides Overture exhibits Romantic characteristics through its form and expressive content. It incorporates sonata form but expands upon it with more varied themes, noticeable in the unusual long coda that defines the second subject.
The piece is programmatic, suggesting the grandeur of nature and the unpredictable splendor of the sea, enhancing the listener's experience of natural imagery. Furthermore, it hints at the Concert Overture format, which was pivotal in shaping future Tone Poems.
Dynamic contrasts are a hallmark of the Romantic style, as seen with the very wide range from pp to ff, creating an emotional intensity throughout. The tempo and rhythm are flexible, marked by an extensive use of rubato, inviting a more expressive interpretation. Additionally, lyrical melodies emerge, especially in the second subject, characterized by individual melodic lines, which further solidify its Romantic essence. The presence of chromatic harmony adds depth, highlighting the emotional complexity typical of Romantic music.
Step 3
Logical presentation and structure of the essay
Answer
The essay will begin with a clear introduction that outlines the major Classical and Romantic features identified in Mendelssohn's Hebrides Overture. Each section will be divided meticulously to separate Classical characteristics from those of the Romantic era, ensuring that logical progression follows throughout.
In the body, the facts will be presented with relevant examples illustrating Mendelssohn's techniques and influences. This structured approach will aid in maintaining clarity and focus while discussing the interplay of these musical styles.
Finally, a conclusion will recap the discussed elements and reflect on the significance of blending these styles in the piece, emphasizing Mendelssohn's innovative contribution to music.