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‘n Polisiemotor wat teen ‘n konstante snelheid beweeg met sy sirene aan, ry verby ‘n stilstaande luisteraar - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 6 - 2017 - Paper 1

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‘n Polisiemotor wat teen ‘n konstante snelheid beweeg met sy sirene aan, ry verby ‘n stilstaande luisteraar. Die grafiek hieronder toon die veranderinge in die frek... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:‘n Polisiemotor wat teen ‘n konstante snelheid beweeg met sy sirene aan, ry verby ‘n stilstaande luisteraar - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 6 - 2017 - Paper 1

Step 1

Stel die Doppler-effek in woorde.

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Answer

The Doppler effect refers to the apparent change in frequency (or pitch) of a sound detected by a listener when the source of the sound and the listener are in relative motion. As the sound source approaches the observer, the sound waves are compressed, leading to a higher frequency. Conversely, as the sound source moves away from the observer, the sound waves are stretched, resulting in a lower frequency.

Step 2

Skryf die frekwensie van die klank neer wat deur die luisteraar waargeneem word soos die polisiemotor:

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6.2.1 Die luisteraar nader: 170 Hz

6.2.2 Weg van die luisteraar af beweeg: 130 Hz

Step 3

Bereken die spoed van die polisiemotor.

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Answer

To calculate the speed of the police motor, we can use the formula:

f=f(v+vlvvs)f' = f \left( \frac{v + v_l}{v - v_s} \right)

Where:

  • ff' is the observed frequency (170 Hz when approaching and 130 Hz when moving away).
  • ff is the source frequency (which can be calculated).
  • vv is the speed of sound in air (340 m/s).
  • vlv_l is the speed of the listener (0 m/s since the listener is stationary).
  • vsv_s is the speed of the source (police motor).

We want to solve for vsv_s:

  • For when the police motor approaches:

170=f(340340vs)170 = f \left( \frac{340}{340 - v_s} \right)

  • For when the police motor is moving away:

130=f(340340+vs)130 = f \left( \frac{340}{340 + v_s} \right)

By solving these equations, you can find the speed of the police motor as:

vs=45.35m/sv_s = 45.35 m/s (approximately within 45.35 to 45.45 m/s range).

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