When the trolleys are released, it takes 0,3 s for the spring to unwind to its natural length. Trolley Q then moves to the right at 4 m s⁻¹. 4.1 State the principle of conservation of linear momentum in words. 4.2 Calculate the: 4.2.1 Velocity of trolley P after the trolleys are released 4.2.2 Magnitude of the average force exerted by the spring on trolley Q 4.3 Is this an elastic collision? Only answer YES or NO.

NSC Physical Sciences Momentum and Impulse: When the trolleys are released,

When the trolleys are released, it takes 0,3 s for the spring to unwind to its natural length - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1

Question 4

When the trolleys are released, it takes 0,3 s for the spring to unwind to its natural length. Trolley Q then moves to the right at 4 m s⁻¹. 4.1 State the principle... show full transcript

Worked Solution & Example Answer:When the trolleys are released, it takes 0,3 s for the spring to unwind to its natural length - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1

Step 1

State the principle of conservation of linear momentum in words.

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Answer

The total linear momentum in a closed system remains constant before and after an event, such as a collision.

Step 2

Velocity of trolley P after the trolleys are released.

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Answer

Using the conservation of momentum, we have:

$m_P v_{P_i} + m_Q v_{Q_i} = m_P v_{P_f} + m_Q v_{Q_f}$

Substituting in the known values:

0 = (0.4)(v_{P_f}) + 2.4 \ 0.4v_{P_f} = -2.4 \ v_{P_f} = -6 \

Thus, the velocity of trolley P after release is $6 ext{ m s}^{-1}$ to the left.

Step 3

Magnitude of the average force exerted by the spring on trolley Q.

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Answer

Using the formula for force:

$F = m a$

We first need to find the acceleration of trolley Q:

Given the initial velocity $v_{Q_i} = 0$ and final velocity $v_{Q_f} = 4$ m/s, over $riangle t = 0.3$ s:

$a = \frac{v_{Q_f} - v_{Q_i}}{\Delta t} = \frac{4 - 0}{0.3} = 13.33 \text{ m/s}^2$

Now substituting into the force formula:

$F = (0.6)(13.33) = 8 ext{ N}$

Step 4

Is this an elastic collision? Only answer YES or NO.

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Answer

When the trolleys are released, it takes 0,3 s for the spring to unwind to its natural length - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1

Worked Solution & Example Answer:When the trolleys are released, it takes 0,3 s for the spring to unwind to its natural length - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2016 - Paper 1

State the principle of conservation of linear momentum in words.

Velocity of trolley P after the trolleys are released.

Magnitude of the average force exerted by the spring on trolley Q.

Is this an elastic collision? Only answer YES or NO.

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