Compound P is used as a starting reactant in each of two reactions as shown in the flow diagram below - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 2
Question 4
Compound P is used as a starting reactant in each of two reactions as shown in the flow diagram below.
I, II and III represent organic reactions.
4.1.1 Name the ty... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Compound P is used as a starting reactant in each of two reactions as shown in the flow diagram below - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2021 - Paper 2
Step 1
Name the type of reaction represented by I.
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Answer
The reaction represented by I is a substitution reaction, specifically a hydrolysis reaction, where compound P undergoes hydrolysis to form the alcohol 2-methylbutan-1-ol.
Step 2
Is 2-methylbutan-1-ol a PRIMARY, SECONDARY or TERTIARY alcohol? Give a reason for the answer.
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Answer
2-methylbutan-1-ol is classified as a primary alcohol. This is because the carbon atom to which the hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached is bonded to only one other carbon atom. Therefore, it meets the criteria for a primary alcohol.
Step 3
Write down the STRUCTURAL FORMULA of compound P.
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Answer
The structural formula of compound P (C₄H₉Br) can be represented as follows:
H H H Br
| | | |
H-C---C---C---C-H
| | | |
H H H H
This shows that P is butyl bromide, where Br is a substituent on the first carbon.
Step 4
Name the type of reaction represented by II.
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Answer
The type of reaction represented by II is an elimination reaction. Here, the concentrated NaOH acts as a base to dehydrohalogenate compound Q and eliminate HBr to form an alkene.
Step 5
To which homologous series does compound Q belong?
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Answer
Compound Q belongs to the alkene homologous series, as it contains a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) in its structure.
Step 6
Name the type of reaction represented by III.
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The type of reaction represented by III is an elimination reaction. In this step, HBr is eliminated from the product resulting from the earlier reaction.
Step 7
Write down the IUPAC name of compound R.
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Answer
The IUPAC name of compound R, which is the major product of the reaction involving compound Q, is 2-methylbutane.
