The flow diagram below shows how compound A can be used to prepare other organic compounds - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2019 - Paper 2
Question 4
The flow diagram below shows how compound A can be used to prepare other organic compounds. The numbers I, II, III and IV represent different organic reactions.
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Worked Solution & Example Answer:The flow diagram below shows how compound A can be used to prepare other organic compounds - NSC Physical Sciences - Question 4 - 2019 - Paper 2
Step 1
4.1 Name the homologous series to which compound A belongs.
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Compound A belongs to the homologous series of haloalkanes or alkyl halides.
Step 2
4.2.1 I
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The type of reaction represented by I is an elimination/dehydrohalogenation reaction.
Step 3
4.2.2 III
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The type of reaction represented by III is a substitution/hydrolysis reaction.
Step 4
4.2.3 IV
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The type of reaction represented by IV is an esterification/condensation reaction.
Step 5
4.3.1 TWO reaction conditions for this reaction
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Mild heat or heating.
Dilute strong base such as NaOH, KOH, or LiOH.
Step 6
4.3.2 IUPAC name of the primary alcohol that is formed
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The IUPAC name of the primary alcohol formed is propan-1-ol (or 1-propanol).
Step 7
4.4 Draw the STRUCTURAL FORMULA for compound B.
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The structural formula for compound B is as follows:
H H H
| | |
H--C---C---C--OH
| | |
H H H
This depicts a straight-chain alcohol with three carbon atoms.
Step 8
4.5.1 Structural formula of organic compound C
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The structural formula for organic compound C (CH₃COOH) is:
O
||
H--C--O--H
|
H
This represents acetic acid (ethanoic acid).
Step 9
4.5.2 NAME or FORMULA of the catalyst that is used.
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The catalyst used in the reaction is sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) or another strong acid.
