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Read the following quotation and answer the questions that follow - NSC Religion Studies - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 2
Question 4
Read the following quotation and answer the questions that follow. Organisations such as the World Conference of Religious for Peace (WCRP), African Women of Faith ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Read the following quotation and answer the questions that follow - NSC Religion Studies - Question 4 - 2017 - Paper 2
Step 1
4.1 Give a brief account of their history and discuss what work these organisations have done outside of the African continent.
Answer
The World Council of Religions for Peace (WCRP) was formed in 1970 and consists of leaders from various faiths aiming to enhance inter-religious dialogue. Its core belief is that these inter-religious relationships serve to unify diverse races and groups for a collective mission. The initiatives taken by this organization often promote peace and understanding among different religions.
The World Parliament of Religions (W.P.R.) was initiated in 1983, primarily driven by Unitarian and Universalist churches. This platform includes representatives from both Western and Eastern religions, enhancing the global narrative on religious understanding, especially concerning Eastern beliefs.
The World Council of Churches (W.C.C.) was established in 1948 in Amsterdam and focuses on the Christian faith, reaffirming the concept of the Trinity. While its primary activities are centered around Christian unity, the WCC engages with other faiths to fulfill its mission of promoting harmony.
Collectively, these organizations have been involved in global discussions on peace, dialogue, and understanding among various religions, often with a focus on creating coherent interfaith relationships.
Step 2
4.2.1 Governance
Answer
In traditional Hinduism, there is no central governing body. Social stratification occurs with local practices predominating, and reformers may emerge to influence existing structures, although there isn’t a unified breakaway movement. Instead, control is decentralized, with each temple operating independently. Local priests oversee rituals aligned with their community’s traditions, and the absence of centralized power allows for diverse practices within the religion.
Step 3
4.2.2 Practices
Answer
In Hinduism, the performance of rituals is an essential obligation for all adherents. Domestic rituals require time and commitment, reflecting the importance of regular engagement in spiritual practices. For example, patrons light lamps and prepare food according to traditional customs, emphasizing the role of ritual in everyday life.
Neo-Hindu movements typically place less emphasis on rigorous rituals, instead focusing on personal devotion and group worship (bhakti) directed toward a specific deity. This highlights a shift towards individual spirituality alongside community-based practices.
Step 4
4.3 Do you think secularism is gaining popularity in the world? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer
Yes, secularism appears to be gaining traction globally. In many democratic nations, the government operates independently of religious dictates, signifying a move towards policies grounded in reason rather than religious influence. Misinterpretations by religious leaders have spurred secular sentiments among populations. Moreover, there is a discernible shift in Western societies where secular ideologies often permeate political discourses, reflecting a broader acceptance of pluralistic values.
For example, the secular state model seen in the Roman Catholic Church and Protestant communities illustrates a tendency towards peaceful co-existence without defining social norms through religious lenses. As society evolves, secularism may continue to grow, particularly in diverse cultural contexts.