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3.1 Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Religion Studies - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 2
Question 3
3.1 Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow. Secularism is the belief that government and morality should not be based on religion. This does no... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:3.1 Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Religion Studies - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 2
Step 1
Discuss the origin of secularism.
Answer
Secularism emerged as a response to the intertwining of religion and governance during significant historical periods, particularly in the 16th century. The actions of figures such as Martin Luther initiated a break from the Catholic Church, leading to religious fragmentation and decades of wars between Protestant and Catholic factions. During this time, the Church wielded considerable authority, guiding both political and social issues.
Due to the divisive nature of these religious conflicts, thinkers began advocating for a society where governance was independent from religious influence. There was a push for a system based on reason and a shared understanding of human nature, culminating in a desire to establish a secular state, which ultimately leads to the separation of government from religious doctrine.
Step 2
Discuss the teachings of any ONE secular worldview you have studied.
Answer
One secular worldview is Agnosticism. The term 'agnosticism' is derived from the Greek words 'a-' meaning 'without' and 'gnosis' meaning 'knowledge'. Agnostics maintain that it is impossible to definitively prove or disprove the existence of a divine being or supernatural realm.
This worldview is characterized by a skepticism toward religious claims, especially those stating that they possess absolute spiritual knowledge. Agnostics advocate for an approach rooted in doubt and inquiry, emphasizing the limitation of human understanding regarding the existence of God or any divine power.
Step 3
How has secularism contributed to the establishment of religious tolerance in the world?
Answer
Secularism fosters an environment where all religions are recognized as equal, promoting peace and harmony among differing belief systems. By ensuring that no religion is favored by the state, secularism helps to maintain religious freedom.
In a secular state, individuals can practice their faith without interference from the government, and mutual respect is encouraged among varying religions. Additionally, secular governance advocates for principles that nurture dialogue, recognize the validity of diverse beliefs, and support the idea that all religions contribute to a collective societal fabric.
Step 4
State any FIVE hermeneutical principles.
Answer
- Clarity: Ensure that the interpretation is easily understood.
- Context: Consider the historical and cultural context of the texts.
- Plan: Develop a systematic approach to interpretation.
- Grammar: Pay attention to the grammatical structure of the text.
- Meaning of words: Analyze the meaning of specific words in their original languages.