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3.1 Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Religion Studies - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 2
Question 3
3.1 Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow. Secularism is the belief that government and morality should not be based on religion. This does not... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:3.1 Read the extract below and answer the questions that follow - NSC Religion Studies - Question 3 - 2018 - Paper 2
Step 1
Discuss the origin of secularism.
Answer
Secularism originated primarily from the changes in governance and society during the 16th century, particularly influenced by Martin Luther's actions. His reform movements contributed to the division of Christianity into Catholic and Protestant groups, sparking numerous religious wars throughout Europe. The Church wielded significant influence over political matters, with leaders relying on its authority to interpret laws and public beliefs. As societies experienced unrest due to religious discrepancies, intellectuals began promoting the idea of a government grounded in reasoning rather than religious doctrine. They aimed to prevent religion from interfering in state matters, leading to an established separation, hence termed secularism.
Step 2
Discuss the teachings of any ONE secular worldview you have studied.
Answer
One notable secular worldview is Agnosticism. This worldview posits that the existence of a divine being or the supernatural cannot be conclusively proven or disproven. Agnostics maintain a skeptical stance towards religious teachings and doctrines, advocating for a reliance on empirical evidence and logic. They assert that human experiences and reasoning are fundamental in understanding the universe, hence leading to a cautious approach toward claims of spiritual knowledge, often challenging any assertion that relies solely on faith.
Step 3
How has secularism contributed to the establishment of religious tolerance in the world?
Answer
Secularism fosters an environment in which all religions are treated equally under the law, ensuring that no single religion is favored by the government. This equal recognition allows for the coexistence of various faiths within the public square. It is instrumental in promoting freedom of belief, where individuals are free to practice any religion or none at all, without state imposition. By establishing frameworks where different religious practices can occur without interference, secularism has been pivotal in reducing conflicts attributed to religious differences. Such arrangements encourage dialogue and understanding among diverse belief systems, thereby nurturing religious tolerance.
Step 4
State any FIVE hermeneutic principles.
Answer
- Literal Meaning: Understanding the text as it is presented without imposing external interpretations.
- Grammar and Historical Context: Analyzing the grammatical structure and historical background of the text to uncover its intended meaning.
- Plan, Purpose, and Context: Considering the overall plan of the text and its purpose in the particular setting it addresses.
- Meaning of Words: Exploring the original meaning of key terms within the text, often through language studies.
- Use of Sacred Texts: Recognizing the importance of other sacred writings when interpreting a particular religious text.