Consider the following organic reactions - NSC Technical Sciences - Question 4 - 2024 - Paper 2
Question 4
Consider the following organic reactions.
Reaction 1:
H H
| |
H—C—C— + H2O → Compound X + H2
| |
H H
Reaction 2:
C2H2 + O2 → CO2 + H2O + Heat
Reaction ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Consider the following organic reactions - NSC Technical Sciences - Question 4 - 2024 - Paper 2
Step 1
Consider reaction 1.
4.1.1 Name the type of reaction.
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Answer
The reaction is a substitution reaction, specifically hydrolysis, where water is used to break down organic compounds.
Step 2
Consider reaction 1.
4.1.2 Write down the CONDENSED STRUCTURAL FORMULA of compound X.
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The condensed structural formula of compound X is CH3CH2OH, representing ethanol.
Step 3
Consider reaction 1.
4.1.3 Is compound X a PRIMARY, SECONDARY or TERTIARY alcohol?
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Compound X is classified as a primary alcohol because the hydroxyl (-OH) group is attached to a carbon that is connected to only one other carbon atom.
Step 4
Consider reaction 2.
4.2.1 Balance the chemical equation for this reaction.
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The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of ethyne (acetylene) is:
2 C2H2 + 5 O2 → 4 CO2 + 2 H2O + Heat.
Step 5
Consider reaction 2.
4.2.2 Is this an EXOTHERMIC or ENDOTHERMIC reaction? Give a reason.
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This is an exothermic reaction because heat is released during the reaction, indicating that energy is produced as the reactants are transformed into products.
Step 6
Consider reaction 3.
4.3.1 Name the type of ADDITION reaction taking place.
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The type of addition reaction taking place is hydrogenation, where hydrogen (H2) is added across the double bond in the alkene.
Step 7
Consider reaction 3.
4.3.2 Write down the IUPAC name of product Y.
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The IUPAC name of product Y is butane, as it is a saturated hydrocarbon formed from the addition of hydrogen.
Step 8
Consider reaction 3.
4.3.3 Write down the NAME or FORMULA of the catalyst used.
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The catalyst used in this reaction is typically platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), or nickel (Ni).
Step 9
Consider reaction 4.
4.4.1 Define the term polymer.
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A polymer is a large molecule composed of smaller monomer units covalently bonded to each other in a repeating pattern.
Step 10
Consider reaction 4.
4.4.2 Define the NAME of the monomer used in this reaction.
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The name of the monomer used in this reaction is ethene (ethylene), which is used in polymerization to form plastics.
