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Scientists at a climate research unit estimate that global land areas have warmed at an average rate of 0.07°C per decade from 1901 to 2000 - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 27 - 2007 - Paper 1
Question 27
Scientists at a climate research unit estimate that global land areas have warmed at an average rate of 0.07°C per decade from 1901 to 2000. Analyse the possible ef... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Scientists at a climate research unit estimate that global land areas have warmed at an average rate of 0.07°C per decade from 1901 to 2000 - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 27 - 2007 - Paper 1
Step 1
Analyse the possible effects of temperature change on Australian plants and animals with regard to the short-term survival of individuals
Answer
In the short term, temperature changes can lead to immediate physiological stress for Australian plants and animals. For instance, increased temperatures may cause heat stress in fauna, affecting their metabolic rates and reproductive cycles. Plants may face challenges such as dehydration and increased transpiration rates, which can impact their growth and flowering times. Additionally, such changes may influence the availability of resources, leading to competition among species. For instance, animals dependent on specific plants for food may struggle to find adequate sustenance, impacting their survival chances.
Step 2
Analyse the possible effects of temperature change on Australian plants and animals with regard to the long-term survival of species
Answer
Over the long term, continuous increases in temperature can alter habitats, leading to shifts in ecosystems. Many Australian species, particularly those already vulnerable, may face extinction if their habitat becomes unsuitable. This could result from the loss of flora that cannot adapt to higher temperatures or from changes in the timing of natural events, such as flowering and breeding cycles. Furthermore, long-term temperature changes may facilitate the spread of invasive species that outcompete native species. Conservation efforts, such as habitat protection and restoration, will be critical to support the long-term survival of these species.