Photo AI
What chemicals are filtered out of the blood by the kidney? What chemicals are reabsorbed into the blood by the kidney? Explain the steps involved in the formation of urine. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 29 - 2013 - Paper 1
Question 29
What chemicals are filtered out of the blood by the kidney? What chemicals are reabsorbed into the blood by the kidney? Explain the steps involved in the formation... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:What chemicals are filtered out of the blood by the kidney? What chemicals are reabsorbed into the blood by the kidney? Explain the steps involved in the formation of urine. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 29 - 2013 - Paper 1
Step 1
What chemicals are filtered out of the blood by the kidney?
Answer
The kidney filters various substances out of the blood, primarily at the glomerulus. Two key chemicals that are commonly filtered include glucose and sodium chloride (NaCl). During this process, blood enters the glomerulus, where small molecules and solutes are separated from large molecules like proteins and blood cells, which remain in the bloodstream.
Step 2
What chemicals are reabsorbed into the blood by the kidney?
Answer
The kidney reabsorbs important chemicals such as water and glucose back into the bloodstream. This reabsorption occurs in the renal tubules, where the kidneys ensure that vital substances are retained while waste products are left to be excreted.
Step 3
Explain the steps involved in the formation of urine.
Answer
The formation of urine involves several key steps:
-
Filtration: Blood is filtered at the glomerulus, where water, ions, and small molecules are filtered into Bowman’s capsule, while larger molecules such as proteins remain in the blood.
-
Reabsorption: In the proximal convoluted tubule, essential substances such as glucose, amino acids, and a significant amount of water and salts are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. This process helps to retain vital nutrients.
-
Secretion: Additional wastes and excess ions are secreted into the renal tubules from the blood, helping to regulate bodily fluids and maintain electrolyte balance.
-
Excretion: Finally, the processed fluid, now called urine, is collected in the renal pelvis and delivered to the bladder for storage until it is excreted from the body.