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Explain the loss of biodiversity that may result from TWO biotechnologies used in agriculture. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 24 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 24
Explain the loss of biodiversity that may result from TWO biotechnologies used in agriculture.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain the loss of biodiversity that may result from TWO biotechnologies used in agriculture. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 24 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Genetic Engineering and its Impact on Biodiversity
Answer
Genetic engineering has enabled the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), such as Bt corn, which contains the insecticidal gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). This technology can reduce the population of pest species, thereby potentially disrupting the local ecosystem. When a specific plant variety is favored for cultivation, it can lead to monocultures, which lowers genetic diversity as fewer genetically distinct varieties are planted. This reduction in plant diversity can negatively affect the associated insect, bird, and other species that rely on varied plant populations for food and habitat.
Step 2
Artificial Selection and Biodiversity Loss
Answer
Artificial selection, a common practice in agriculture, involves breeding animals and plants for specific desirable traits. For instance, livestock may be selectively bred for higher yield and quicker growth. While this can maximize productivity, it can also lead to the elimination of less productive varieties or species. This practice narrows the genetic pool, making these populations more susceptible to diseases and environmental changes, ultimately reducing resilience and biodiversity within the ecosystem.