Why is accurate replication of DNA important? (A) It leads to cell differentiation - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 14 - 2004 - Paper 1

Accurate replication of DNA is crucial for several reasons. Primarily, it ensures that genetic information is faithfully transferred from one generation of cells to the next. This is essential for maintaining the integrity of the genome, which dictates the traits and functions of an organism.

Here are the key points regarding the listed options:

1. (A) It leads to cell differentiation.

   • While accurate DNA replication plays a role in cellular functions, it does not directly lead to differentiation. Instead, it is the regulated expression of genes post-replication that contributes to differentiation.

2. (B) It maintains genetic information.

   • This option is correct. Accurate DNA replication is vital for the preservation of the genetic code, enabling cells to inherit the same genetic material across generations, which is fundamental for the stability of species.

3. (C) It allows for evolution of the species.

   • Although mutations during replication can lead to genetic variation, the accuracy of DNA replication itself is more about preserving the existing genetic information rather than promoting evolution.

4. (D) It enables cells to modify their proteins.

   • While accurate DNA replication supports the correct transcription and translation processes, protein modification occurs after the DNA has been replicated and transcribed.

Thus, the most appropriate answer is (B), as it directly reflects the importance of accurate DNA replication in maintaining the organism's genetic information.