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Explain the loss of biodiversity that may result from TWO biotechnologies used in agriculture. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 24 - 2019 - Paper 1
Question 24
Explain the loss of biodiversity that may result from TWO biotechnologies used in agriculture.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain the loss of biodiversity that may result from TWO biotechnologies used in agriculture. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 24 - 2019 - Paper 1
Step 1
Genetic Engineering and Biodiversity Loss
Answer
Genetic engineering, exemplified by the development of Bt corn, significantly affects biodiversity. Bt corn is genetically modified to express a toxin derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), which effectively controls pest populations. While this technology can increase yield and reduce pesticide use, it can lead to the decline of non-target species. For instance, if certain insect populations are eradicated, the animals that rely on them for food may also suffer, resulting in a cascading effect on the ecosystem's biodiversity.
Step 2
Artificial Insemination and Biodiversity Loss
Answer
Artificial insemination is another biotechnology that contributes to the loss of biodiversity. This technique allows for the selective breeding of desirable traits in animals, such as cattle. As farmers choose to breed only the most productive or disease-resistant individuals, genetic diversity within the population decreases. Over time, this may result in a homogeneous population, making them more susceptible to diseases and reducing the overall genetic variability that is crucial for adapting to environmental changes.