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Question 30 — Biotechnology (25 marks) (a) (i) Outline ONE use of biotechnology in an early society - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 30 - 2006 - Paper 1
Question 30
Question 30 — Biotechnology (25 marks) (a) (i) Outline ONE use of biotechnology in an early society. (ii) Explain why the use you outlined in part (a) (i) may be c... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Question 30 — Biotechnology (25 marks) (a) (i) Outline ONE use of biotechnology in an early society - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 30 - 2006 - Paper 1
Step 1
Outline ONE use of biotechnology in an early society.
Answer
One significant use of biotechnology in early societies was the fermentation of grains to produce alcoholic beverages, such as beer. This process allowed communities to create a stable food source and to engage in social bonding activities.
Step 2
Explain why the use you outlined in part (a) (i) may be considered an early biotechnology.
Answer
The fermentation process illustrates early biotechnology as it involves manipulating biological organisms (yeast) to convert sugars into alcohol, showcasing mankind's understanding and application of biological processes to benefit society.
Step 3
Describe the procedure used, and outline the results obtained, when you demonstrated the fermentation processes in bread or alcohol production.
Answer
The fermentation process begins with combining yeast, water, sugar, and flour (for bread) or a starch source (for alcohol). The mixture is then allowed to stand in a warm environment. During this process, yeast metabolizes the sugars, producing carbon dioxide and alcohol (or carbon dioxide in bread). This results in the bread rising or alcohol content in the liquid. The process leads to the desired products: leavened bread or fermented beverages.
Step 4
State how using this demonstration increases understanding of fermentation processes.
Answer
This demonstration increases understanding by visually illustrating how yeast converts sugars into gas and alcohol, highlighting the vital role of microorganisms in food production and the biochemical transformations occurring during fermentation.
Step 5
Discuss the impact of the development of recombinant DNA technology on applications of biotechnology.
Answer
The development of recombinant DNA technology has profoundly influenced biotechnology, allowing for precise genetic modifications to enhance agricultural yield, develop medical treatments, and create genetically modified organisms. This technology facilitates the introduction of beneficial genes into crops, improving resistance to diseases, pests, and environmental stresses. Moreover, it has enabled advancements in gene therapy and the production of insulin and other therapeutic proteins, reshaping healthcare possibilities.
Step 6
Step 7
Outline ONE piece of evidence supporting the views of a group opposed to using genetically modified organisms.
Answer
Opponents may cite the risk of allergic reactions to foods derived from genetically modified organisms, as evidenced by the allergic reactions experienced by individuals exposed to the transgenic plant's products.
Step 8
Evaluate decisions relating to the commercial use of cloning or genetically modified organisms.
Answer
The decision to not commercialize the transgenic plant underscores the importance of ethical considerations and consumer safety in biotechnology. While the genetic modifications offered potential benefits, the allergic reactions observed demonstrate the necessity of thorough risk assessments prior to market introduction. Balancing innovation and safety remains crucial in the commercialization of genetically modified organisms, as public acceptance hinges on transparent evaluations of health implications.