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Evaluate the impact of major advances in scientific understanding and technology, in the field of genetics, on developments in reproductive technologies. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 28 - 2001 - Paper 1
Question 28
Evaluate the impact of major advances in scientific understanding and technology, in the field of genetics, on developments in reproductive technologies.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Evaluate the impact of major advances in scientific understanding and technology, in the field of genetics, on developments in reproductive technologies. - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 28 - 2001 - Paper 1
Step 1
Impact of Advances in Genetic Research
Answer
Major advancements in genetic research, particularly in understanding the structure of DNA and genetic inheritance patterns, have significantly influenced reproductive technologies. Techniques such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) have benefited from a clearer understanding of genetics, allowing for better selection of embryos based on genetic health, thereby reducing the risk of heritable diseases.
Step 2
Role of Genetic Engineering
Answer
The emergence of genetic engineering technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, has opened new avenues in reproductive technologies. This allows genetic modifications that can enhance the chances of a successful pregnancy by eliminating genetic disorders prior to implantation, ensuring healthier offspring.
Step 3
Implications of Genetic Screening
Answer
Advancements in genetic screening enable potential parents to assess their genetic compatibility and the risk of passing on genetic disorders. This knowledge empowers individuals to make informed decisions about family planning and interventions that may enhance reproductive outcomes.
Step 4
Ethical Considerations
Answer
Despite the benefits, these advances raise ethical questions about 'designer babies' and the potential for socioeconomic disparities in access to such technologies. The implications of manipulating human genetics require careful consideration to ensure equitable access and moral responsibility.