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Explain how ONE named process that occurs during meiosis results in genetic variation - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 28 - 2008 - Paper 1
Question 28
Explain how ONE named process that occurs during meiosis results in genetic variation. Why is genetic variation important in the survival of a species?
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain how ONE named process that occurs during meiosis results in genetic variation - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 28 - 2008 - Paper 1
Step 1
Explain how ONE named process that occurs during meiosis results in genetic variation.
Answer
One important process that occurs during meiosis is crossing over. This process takes place during prophase I of meiosis, where homologous chromosomes exchange segments of genetic material. This exchange results in new combinations of alleles on each chromosome, thus increasing genetic diversity in gametes. Each gamete produced will contain a different genetic makeup compared to the original parent cell. This variation is crucial for the process of evolution as it provides a genetic pool for natural selection to act upon.
Step 2
Why is genetic variation important in the survival of a species?
Answer
Genetic variation is vital for the survival of a species because it enhances the adaptability of populations to changing environments. If the environment changes—due to factors like climate shifts, disease outbreaks, or habitat destruction—populations with greater genetic diversity have a higher chance of having individuals with favorable traits that can survive and reproduce. In contrast, populations with low genetic variation may struggle to adapt, potentially leading to their extinction. Therefore, genetic variation acts as a buffer against environmental pressures, supporting biodiversity and the resilience of ecosystems.