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Organisms use various mechanisms to maintain their internal environment within tolerance limits - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 29 - 2023 - Paper 1
Question 29
Organisms use various mechanisms to maintain their internal environment within tolerance limits. (a) Outline a physiological adaptation in endotherms which assists ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Organisms use various mechanisms to maintain their internal environment within tolerance limits - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 29 - 2023 - Paper 1
Step 1
Outline a physiological adaptation in endotherms which assists in maintaining their internal environment.
Answer
Endotherms can undergo vasoconstriction to decrease blood flow and volume. This process reduces heat loss through the skin, allowing these organisms to maintain their internal body temperature effectively.
Step 2
Explain TWO adaptations in plants that help to maintain water balance.
Answer
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Sunken Stomates: Stomata may be sunken in pits in the epidermis, which helps trap moisture above the stomata. This adaptation reduces the evaporation rate and retains water in the plant, particularly in hot environments.
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Thick Waxy Cuticle: A thick cuticle layer on the surface of leaves acts as a barrier to evaporation and also reflects sunlight, which helps in reducing heat stress and water loss.