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Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a relationship between ultraviolet radiation exposure and the development of melanoma, a type of skin cancer - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 27 - 2001 - Paper 1
Question 27
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a relationship between ultraviolet radiation exposure and the development of melanoma, a type of skin cancer. The graph sh... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a relationship between ultraviolet radiation exposure and the development of melanoma, a type of skin cancer - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 27 - 2001 - Paper 1
Step 1
Identify Trends in Melanoma Incidence
Answer
The graph indicates that the incidence of melanoma has been increasing for both males and females from 1972 to 1997. Notably, the increase is more pronounced in males, particularly after the mid-1980s, suggesting a stronger upward trend in this group. Females exhibit a more moderate increase, particularly in the later years.
Step 2
Consider the Year 1997
Answer
It's crucial to note that the graph includes data for 1997. This year marks a peak in the incidence rates for both genders, but primarily for males. The student’s assertion about the continuation of this trend beyond 1997 requires scrutiny as the data available does not provide insight into future trends past this year.
Step 3
Assess Limitations of the Data
Answer
The lack of data beyond 1997 limits our ability to definitively conclude that the incidence will continue to rise. Additionally, factors like changes in public health initiatives, awareness campaigns, and environmental factors could alter future trends in melanoma incidence.
Step 4
Conclusion on the Validity of the Statement
Answer
While the past data suggests a higher rate of melanoma occurrence in males compared to females, the prediction for future trends is not substantiated by the data provided. Therefore, the statement regarding an ongoing increase in melanoma incidence beyond 1997 cannot be confidently validated.