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The diagram shows a cross-section of the part of the human body responsible for voice production - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 32 - 2016 - Paper 1
Question 32
The diagram shows a cross-section of the part of the human body responsible for voice production. (i) Name the part of the human body shown. (ii) Describe how voca... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:The diagram shows a cross-section of the part of the human body responsible for voice production - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 32 - 2016 - Paper 1
Step 1
Step 2
Describe how vocal cords produce sounds of different frequencies.
Answer
Vocal cords produce sounds by vibrating as air passes through them from the lungs.
- The tension of the vocal cords affects the frequency of the sound produced; tighter cords result in higher frequencies, while looser cords produce lower frequencies.
- The length and thickness of the vocal cords also play a significant role, where longer cords typically produce lower sounds.
Step 3
Describe the experiment and how the first-hand data collected could contribute to an understanding of how accommodation works in human vision.
Answer
The experiment involved using a model to understand the accommodation process by simulating how the eye focuses on objects at varying distances.
- A clear tube was connected to a holder, with a candle representing the object to be focused on.
- The distance between the candle and the tube was modified, simulating the adjustment of the eye’s shape.
- Observing how the image clarity changed as the distance varied helped illustrate how the lens adjusts to focus light properly.
This experiment provided first-hand data, indicating how the lens changes shape to accommodate for different distances, thus enhancing the understanding of the accommodation mechanism in human vision.
Step 4
Describe how electrochemical changes in the membrane of a neurone allow information to be transferred.
Answer
Electrochemical changes in the neurone membrane occur through the movement of ions across the membrane, generating action potentials.
- When a neurone receives a signal, ion channels open, allowing sodium ions (Na+) to flow into the cell, causing depolarization.
- After reaching a certain threshold, an action potential is generated, traveling along the axon.
- Once the signal has passed, potassium channels open, allowing potassium ions (K+) to exit, which repolarizes and returns the neurone to its resting potential.
This sequence of changes enables the rapid transmission of electrical signals along the neurone.
Step 5
Draw an outline diagram of the human brain, and shade and label the area of the cerebrum involved in the perception of sound.
Answer
The diagram should clearly outline the major structures of the brain, including the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem.
- Shade the temporal lobe of the cerebrum, which is primarily responsible for auditory processing and perception of sound.
- Label the auditory cortex within the temporal lobe to indicate the specific area involved in processing sounds.