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Sugar is transported in vascular tissues in plants and animals - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 26 - 2015 - Paper 1
Question 26
Sugar is transported in vascular tissues in plants and animals. Contrast the structure and workings of ONE named plant tissue and ONE named animal tissue used to tr... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Sugar is transported in vascular tissues in plants and animals - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 26 - 2015 - Paper 1
Step 1
Contrast the structure of ONE named plant tissue and ONE named animal tissue
Answer
Plant Tissue: Phloem
The phloem is composed of living cells, primarily sieve elements and companion cells. Sieve elements are elongated cells that form a continuous tube, allowing efficient transport. The walls of the sieve elements have pores that facilitate the movement of sugars. Companion cells are closely associated with sieve elements and are responsible for loading and unloading sugars.
Animal Tissue: Artery
An artery is made up of multiple layers including smooth muscle cells and elastic tissues. The smooth muscle is arranged concentrically, allowing the artery to constrict and dilate. The inner lining is smooth to minimize turbulence as blood, containing dissolved sugars, flows through the lumen.
Step 2
Describe the workings of ONE named plant tissue and ONE named animal tissue
Answer
Working of Phloem
Phloem functions by utilizing a process called translocation, where organic substances, particularly sucrose, are moved from the leaves (sources) to various parts of the plant (sinks). This process is driven by pressure differences created by active loading of sugars into the phloem, followed by passive flow due to osmosis and diffusion.
Working of Artery
The artery's function is to transport blood, which carries dissolved sugars and nutrients, away from the heart. The muscular walls of the artery can contract to increase pressure, allowing for a swift and continuous flow of blood, facilitating the distribution of sugars throughout the body.