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30 — Communication (25 marks) (a) (i) Name the part of the brain involved in perception and interpretation of light and sound - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 30 - 2004 - Paper 1
Question 30
30 — Communication (25 marks) (a) (i) Name the part of the brain involved in perception and interpretation of light and sound. (ii) Describe the stimulus-response p... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:30 — Communication (25 marks) (a) (i) Name the part of the brain involved in perception and interpretation of light and sound - HSC - SSCE Biology - Question 30 - 2004 - Paper 1
Step 1
Step 2
Describe the stimulus-response pathway that is used to respond to stimuli from the external environment.
Answer
The stimulus-response pathway begins with the detection of a stimulus by sensory receptors, which convert the stimulus into nerve impulses. These impulses are then transmitted via sensory neurons to the central nervous system (CNS), where they are processed in the brain. The brain interprets the information and sends signals through motor neurons to effectors (like muscles or glands) to produce a response.
Step 3
Provide an outline of the method followed in this investigation.
Answer
In the investigation, we used a sound generation device to produce sounds at different frequencies, which were emitted through a speaker. Participants were asked to identify pitches using a software tool that displayed waveforms corresponding to the sound frequencies. We recorded their responses for each frequency and analyzed the relationship between wavelength, frequency, and perceived pitch.
Step 4
Explain how this investigation increased your understanding of sound.
Answer
This investigation deepened my understanding of sound by illustrating how frequency affects pitch perception. It highlighted the relationship between physical properties of sound waves and how our auditory system interprets these signals, demonstrating the scientific principles underlying sound perception.
Step 5
Discuss the impact that these technologies have had on society.
Answer
Technologies developed for communication, such as smartphones, the internet, and social media, have transformed societal interaction by facilitating instant communication. These innovations have enhanced access to information and enabled real-time sharing of experiences. However, they also pose challenges, including digital divides, misinformation, and changes in interpersonal relationships, prompting discussions about technology's role in modern life.
Step 6
Explain why the brain is able to interpret a variety of colours.
Answer
The brain interprets a variety of colours through the integration of information from cone cells in the retina that are sensitive to different wavelengths of light. There are three types of cones: L (long), M (medium), and S (short) wavelengths. The brain processes the varying responses of these cones to perceive the full spectrum of colours.
Step 7
With reference to light absorption by opsins, explain how a person can be colour blind.
Answer
A person can be colour blind if there is a deficiency or absence of one or more types of cone cells that contain opsins sensitive to certain wavelengths of light. For example, if a person lacks M-cones, they may have difficulty distinguishing between red and green light, resulting in red-green colour blindness.
Step 8
Describe the use of colour for communication in animals other than humans, and relate this to the occurrence of colour vision in animals.
Answer
In animals, colour can convey vital information, such as warning signals in toxic species or attracting mates through vibrant colours. For instance, many birds and insects use colour patterns to communicate species identity or readiness to mate. The occurrence of colour vision in these animals allows them to interpret these signals, which is crucial for survival and reproduction.