Soaps and Detergents (HSC SSCE Chemistry): Flashcards

Substances that change water's behavior at surfaces

Having both water-loving and oil-loving ends

Oils and grease (non-polar substances)

Water molecules via ion-dipole bonds

Hydrolysis of fats with base to make soap

Glycerol and three sodium carboxylate molecules

Sphere: tails inward in grease, heads outward in water

20 ppm $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ and $\text{Mg}^{2+}$ ions

Insoluble solid from soap + $\text{Ca}^{2+}$/$\text{Mg}^{2+}$

Form soluble salts with $\text{Ca}^{2+}$/$\text{Mg}^{2+}$, not scum