Derivatives as Rates of Change (HSC SSCE Mathematics Advanced): Flashcards

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Derivatives as Rates of Change
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Instantaneous rate of change of f(x)f(x) at x=cx = c

f′(c)f'(c), the derivative at that point

Instantaneous rate of change equals what on graph

Gradient of tangent line at that point

Average rate of change formula

f(b)−f(a)b−a\frac{f(b) - f(a)}{b - a}

Velocity v(t)v(t) in terms of displacement x(t)x(t)

v(t)=dxdt=x′(t)=x˙v(t) = \frac{dx}{dt} = x'(t) = \dot{x}

Meaning when velocity v>0v > 0

Particle moves in positive direction

Meaning when velocity v=0v = 0

Particle is momentarily at rest

Definition of speed

Absolute value of velocity, always non-negative

Formula for instantaneous speed

∣v(t)∣=∣x′(t)∣|v(t)| = |x'(t)|

Condition for particle at rest

When velocity v(t)=0v(t) = 0

Vector vs scalar quantity difference

Vector has magnitude & direction; scalar only magnitude

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