Beats and the Doppler Effect (HSC SSCE Physics): Flashcards

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Beats and the Doppler Effect
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Beats

Pulsing effect when 2 frequencies superpose

Beat frequency formula

fbeat=∣f2−f1∣f_{\text{beat}} = |f_2 - f_1|

Beat audibility limit

Frequency difference < ~20 Hz20 \text{ Hz}

Beats in tuning

Beat frequency decreases as instruments reach same pitch

Doppler effect

Change in observed frequency from relative motion

Doppler: approaching source

Frequency increases (higher pitch)

Doppler: receding source

Frequency decreases (lower pitch)

Doppler formula

f′=f(v+vo)(v−vs)f' = f\frac{(v + v_o)}{(v - v_s)}

Speed of sound in air

340 m⋅s−1340 \text{ m}\cdot\text{s}^{-1} at room temp

Sonic boom

Shock wave when source moves faster than sound

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