Black bears can hibernate for up to 7 months without food or water (lines 1–2) - AQA - A-Level Biology - Question 10 - 2020 - Paper 1

During hibernation, black bears utilize fat stores accumulated during the active months. This stored fat is metabolized to provide the necessary energy for vital functions, allowing bears to survive extended periods without food. The metabolic rate significantly decreases during hibernation, which conserves energy and reduces the need for food and water intake. Additionally, the bears' low metabolic activity leads to decreased oxygen consumption, allowing them to efficiently use the fat reserves until they emerge from hibernation.