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Describe the structure and function of the nucleus - AQA - A-Level Biology - Question 1 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 1
Describe the structure and function of the nucleus. The nucleus is a vital organelle in eukaryotic cells, characterized by the following structural components: 1. ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe the structure and function of the nucleus - AQA - A-Level Biology - Question 1 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
Describe the structure of the nucleus
Answer
- Nuclear Envelope and Pores: The nucleus is enclosed by a double membrane known as the nuclear envelope, which contains pores that regulate the transport of materials in and out of the nucleus.
- Chromatin and Chromosomes: Inside, the nucleus houses chromatin, a complex of DNA and proteins that condenses to form chromosomes during cell division.
- Nucleolus: This structure is also found within the nucleus, and it is primarily responsible for ribosome synthesis.
- Histones: The DNA within the nucleus is wrapped around proteins called histones, which help in organizing and regulating gene expression.
Step 2
Describe the function of the nucleus
Answer
- Genetic Information Storage: It holds the organism's genetic material in the form of DNA.
- Gene Expression Regulation: The nucleus plays a role in the regulation of gene expression, controlling the synthesis of proteins.
- Ribosome Production: The nucleolus synthesizes rRNA and assembles ribosome subunits, which are essential for protein synthesis.
- DNA Replication: The nucleus is the site where DNA replication occurs prior to cell division, ensuring that genetic information is accurately copied and distributed.