Damage to the myelin sheath of neurones can cause muscular paralysis (lines 2–4) - AQA - A-Level Biology - Question 10 - 2019 - Paper 2
Question 10
Damage to the myelin sheath of neurones can cause muscular paralysis (lines 2–4).
Explain how.
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Damage to the myelin sheath of neurones can cause muscular paralysis (lines 2–4) - AQA - A-Level Biology - Question 10 - 2019 - Paper 2
Step 1
1. Describe the role of the myelin sheath.
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Answer
The myelin sheath acts as an insulator for nerve fibres, facilitating the rapid transmission of electrical impulses along the axon through a process known as saltatory conduction.
Step 2
2. Explain the effect of damage to the myelin sheath.
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Answer
When the myelin sheath is damaged, the conduction of impulses is slowed or disrupted. This can lead to weakened muscular responses, as the nerve impulses cannot effectively stimulate the neuromuscular junctions.
Step 3
3. Conclude on the impact of these effects.
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Answer
As a result of impaired nerve function, muscular paralysis can occur due to the inability of the nervous system to effectively communicate with muscles.
