4. Alcohol is broken down by liver cells - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 1
Question 4
4. Alcohol is broken down by liver cells.
(a) Which process moves alcohol from the blood into the liver cells?
A diffusion
B respiration
C osmosis
D... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:4. Alcohol is broken down by liver cells - Edexcel - GCSE Biology - Question 4 - 2022 - Paper 1
Step 1
Which process moves alcohol from the blood into the liver cells?
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Answer
The correct process is A diffusion. Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, which is how alcohol enters the liver cells.
Step 2
Calculate the difference in risk for these two people when each one drinks 28 units of alcohol per week.
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Answer
From Figure 7, when drinking 28 units of alcohol per week, Person A (drinks alcohol on its own) has a relative risk of about 5, whereas Person B (drinks alcohol with meals) has a relative risk of about 3. Therefore, the difference in risk is 5 - 3 = 2.
Step 3
Using evidence from Figure 7, state two pieces of health advice for people about drinking alcohol.
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Answer
Limit the amount of alcohol consumed per week to reduce the risk of cirrhosis.
Consider drinking alcohol with meals rather than on its own to lower the associated risk.
Step 4
State where genes are found in cells.
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Answer
Genes are found in the nucleus, specifically on chromosomes.
Step 5
Explain why the scientist is correct.
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Answer
Person B must have an F allele because she does not have cystic fibrosis. This indicates she has at least one dominant F allele. Additionally, person B must have inherited an f allele from Person E, who is ff (homozygous recessive), confirming that the genotype of Person B must be Ff.
Step 6
State the genotype of person C.
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Answer
The genotype of person C is ff, indicating a homozygous recessive condition.
