1.3.8 The Molecular Structure of Collagen

Structure of Collagen:

• Primary Structure:
  • Collagen has a repetitive sequence of amino acids, primarily glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline, which helps stabilise its structure.

• Triple Helix Structure:
  • Three polypeptide chains wind around each other to form a triple helix, a unique structural feature that provides high tensile strength.
  • Each chain is linked through hydrogen bonds, stabilising the triple-helix structure.
• Formation of Fibrils and Fibres:
  • Multiple collagen triple helices align side-by-side, forming collagen fibrils. These fibrils then bundle together to create collagen fibres.

• Cross-links between fibrils add extra stability, making collagen resistant to stretching and ideal for supporting body structures.

Importance of Collagen's Structure:

• The long, fibrous shape makes collagen strong and insoluble, suited to providing structural support.
• Collagen's high tensile strength is critical for tissues that must withstand pulling forces, such as tendons and ligaments.

Overall, collagen's molecular structure makes it essential for maintaining the integrity and resilience of connective tissues throughout the body.