Select one of the people described below - Junior Cycle History - Question A(i) - 2010

Choosing a Site

Selecting an appropriate site is crucial for any archaeological dig. Factors such as historical relevance, geographical location, and previous findings in the area all guide this decision-making process. For instance, an archaeologist might choose a site near an ancient trade route or a settlement known from historical texts.

Excavating a Site

Once a site is determined, the excavation process begins. This involves careful digging and recording of artifacts in their original context to preserve the integrity of the archaeological record. Techniques like stratigraphy help in understanding the chronological order of the layers excavated.

Instruments Used

During the excavation, various tools are employed, including trowels, shovels, brushes, and sieves. Each tool serves a specific purpose, from delicately uncovering small artifacts with brushes to removing larger amounts of earth with shovels. Additionally, measuring instruments like total stations and GPS devices aid in accurately mapping the dig site.

Dating Findings

After unearthed artifacts are collected, dating methods are applied to establish their age. Techniques such as carbon dating, thermoluminescence, and dendrochronology provide insights into the period during which the artifacts were used. This information is vital for constructing a timeline of historical events.