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Select one of the people described below - Junior Cycle History - Question A - 2018
Question A
Select one of the people described below. Write about that person. (i) An archaeologist at work. (ii) A noblewoman in a medieval castle. (iii) A named religious... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Select one of the people described below - Junior Cycle History - Question A - 2018
Step 1
An archaeologist at work.
Answer
An archaeologist plays a crucial role in uncovering and interpreting the past through various methods and techniques. Their work can be broken down into several key stages:
Choosing the Site
The first step is selecting an appropriate site for excavation, which involves evaluating the historical significance and potential for valuable discoveries. This can include historical documents, maps, or local knowledge.
Planning Stage
Once a site is chosen, a comprehensive plan is developed. This outlines the objectives of the excavation, the methodologies to be employed, and the resources required. Collaboration with local authorities and stakeholders is essential at this stage.
On-Site Work
The archaeologist then leads the excavation team, carefully digging and documenting findings. This involves layering techniques to preserve context and prevent damage to artifacts.
Dating Artifacts
Artifacts are often dated using methods such as radiocarbon dating and dendrochronology. Radiocarbon dating is especially useful for organic material dating up to about 50,000 years old, while dendrochronology can precisely date wooden artifacts using tree ring growth patterns.
Final Report
After excavation, the findings are compiled into a detailed report, summarizing the procedures, discoveries, and implications of the findings. This report is crucial for further academic study and public knowledge.
Tools and Explanation
Various tools are utilized in the process, including trowels, brushes, and digital cameras. Each tool has a specific purpose: for instance, a trowel is essential for delicate digging, whereas a camera helps document the excavation process visually.
Step 2
A noblewoman in a medieval castle.
Answer
In medieval society, a noblewoman held significant responsibilities and influence, often within the confines of a castle. A typical castle, such as the imposing Warwick Castle, served both defensive and residential functions, symbolizing power and stability.
Description and Function of a Castle
A castle would typically have high stone walls, a formidable gatehouse, and a drawbridge. These features served both to protect its inhabitants from invaders and to impress visitors with the nobility's wealth and status.
Role of a Noblewoman
The noblewoman was often involved in managing the household, which included supervising servants, overseeing food preparation, and ensuring the castle functioned smoothly. Additionally, she played a role in political alliances through marriage and social gatherings, hosting feasts and discussions.
Characteristics
Noblewomen were expected to be educated, skilled in managing finances, and capable of diplomacy. They were also often responsible for the education of their children, ensuring the continuation of their family’s legacy.
Step 3
A named religious reformer during the Reformation.
Answer
A prominent religious reformer during the Reformation was Martin Luther, whose actions significantly altered the course of Christianity.
Martin Luther's Background
Luther, originally a monk, became critical of the Catholic Church's practices, particularly the sale of indulgences, which he viewed as corrupt. These complaints were articulated in his famous '95 Theses,' which he nailed to the church door in Wittenberg in 1517, sparking widespread debate and change.
Teachings and Beliefs
Luther proposed that salvation was achieved through faith alone, contrasting with the Catholic emphasis on works. This radical belief shifted the focus from priestly intercession to individual faith in God.
Relationship with the Catholic Church
His teachings led to his excommunication by the Catholic Church. However, they also laid the groundwork for Protestantism and inspired other reformers, further fragmenting Western Christianity. Luther's legacy is evident in many modern Christian denominations.