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Select one of the people listed below - Junior Cycle History - Question B - 2014
Question B
Select one of the people listed below. Write about that person. (i) A factory/mine owner during the Industrial Revolution in Britain c. 1850. (20) (ii) A German so... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Select one of the people listed below - Junior Cycle History - Question B - 2014
Step 1
A factory/mine owner during the Industrial Revolution.
Answer
During the Industrial Revolution in Britain around 1850, factory and mine owners played a pivotal role in shaping the economy and society. They saw their factories expand rapidly due to the demand for goods, which transformed local economies and led to the rise of industrial towns.
The conditions of workers were often harsh. Factory owners prioritized profit, leading to long hours, dangerous environments, and low wages. The typical worker was exposed to unhealthy conditions, limited breaks, and minimal rights. The owners usually maintained a lifestyle that prioritized wealth accumulation, enjoying comforts that contrasted starkly with their workers’ lives.
Key aspects of a factory owner's life included:
- Home: Owners often lived in larger, more comfortable homes compared to their workers.
- Clothing: They typically wore finer clothing, reflecting their status and wealth.
- Leisure: Their leisure activities could include attending social events or engaging in business discussions, highlighting their social standing.
In contrast, the working conditions for employees were grueling and exploitative. The owner's perspective is crucial in understanding the socio-economic divide of the time, which ultimately led to movements for workers' rights.
Step 2
A German soldier in Operation Barbarossa (invasion of Russia, June 1941).
Answer
Operation Barbarossa was the code name for the German invasions of the Soviet Union starting in June 1941. German soldiers engaged in this campaign were part of a massive military strategy aimed at asserting control over Eastern Europe.
The details leading up to June 1941 included the rapid expansion of German forces in Europe and the eventual decision to invade. Soldiers were often indoctrinated with Nazi ideology, which framed their mission as a duty to secure living space for the German people. Despite the initial success of the invasion, soldiers faced a harsh and brutal environment, encountering fierce resistance from Soviet forces.
The experiences of the German soldier during Barbarossa can be characterized by a mix of tactical operation, psychological warfare, and significant hardship, especially as the campaign faltered against the harsh Russian winter.
Step 3
A British or American soldier who took part in D-Day (Allied landings in France, June 1944).
Answer
D-Day, June 6, 1944, marked a monumental moment in World War II when Allied forces launched a massive invasion of German-occupied France. British and American soldiers played critical roles in this operation, which involved extensive planning and coordination among the Allied forces.
Soldiers across various divisions were tasked with storming the beaches of Normandy under intense enemy fire. Their experiences on that day were marked by bravery and sacrifice, as they faced daunting obstacles to secure a foothold in Europe. The success of D-Day set the stage for the liberation of France and contributed significantly to the eventual defeat of Nazi Germany.
Factors contributing to D-Day's success included:
- Planning and Intelligence: Detailed plans were made regarding troop movements and the timing of the landings.
- Naval and Air Support: Extensive naval bombardment and air cover were crucial to overcoming German defenses.
- Canadian, British, and American Cooperation: This operation was a symbol of Allied unity, with forces working together to achieve a common goal.
Step 4
A named political leader in the Republic of Ireland during the period 1960-1985.
Answer
During the period from 1960 to 1985, several significant political leaders emerged in the Republic of Ireland. A notable figure was Liam Cosgrave, who served as the Taoiseach (Prime Minister) from 1973 to 1977.
Cosgrave's leadership came during a time of economic challenges but also efforts for growth and modernization in Ireland. His policies focused on fostering economic stability, encouraging foreign investment, and managing public services. However, his government faced issues such as economic inflation and rising unemployment, which were critical challenges during his term.
His tenure also included navigating complex relationships with Northern Ireland and addressing the social challenges that emerged during the Troubles, emphasizing the importance of peace and negotiation.
As a leader, Cosgrave's influence was marked by both his political strategies and the socio-economic shifts that occurred in Ireland during the 1970s.