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Distinguish between flushing and steaming up in lowland sheep production - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 1 - 2007
Question 1
Distinguish between flushing and steaming up in lowland sheep production. (b) Describe the management of a lamb from birth to weaning. (c) Give two reasons why she... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Distinguish between flushing and steaming up in lowland sheep production - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 1 - 2007
Step 1
Distinguish between flushing and steaming up in lowland sheep production.
Answer
Flushing and steaming up are two important management practices in lowland sheep production.
Flushing refers to the practice of increasing the dietary energy intake of ewes prior to and during mating. This is accomplished by feeding at a low rate initially, followed by a higher feeding rate to stimulate weight gain, which can enhance fertility. By providing a good pasture and maintaining low stocking rates, ewes become more fertile during this critical period.
Steaming up, on the other hand, occurs in the period before lambing. It involves providing ewes with a concentrated diet to ensure they have sufficient energy reserves for the upcoming demands of lambing. This typically begins about six weeks before lambing, to help avoid issues such as twin-lamb disease.
Step 2
Describe the management of a lamb from birth to weaning.
Answer
The management of a lamb from birth to weaning involves several important steps:
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Hygiene: Ensuring good hygiene practices post-birth is critical. The lamb's nose and mouth should be cleaned immediately after birth, and the area should be disinfected to prevent infection.
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Warmth and Comfort: It is essential to ensure that the lamb is warm. The lamb should be placed with its mother to receive colostrum promptly.
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Nutrition: Ensure that the lamb has adequate milk supply, and provide sufficient nutrition throughout this early period. Access to water and proper feeding practices must be guaranteed.
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Healthcare: Regular vaccination of lambs and monitoring for diseases should be carried out closely to maintain health during the early life stages, including dosing, dipping, and spraying as required.
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Transitioning: As lambs grow, they should be gradually introduced to creep feed starting at about 12-14 weeks before weaning.
Step 3
Give two reasons why shearing of sheep takes place.
Answer
Shearing of sheep is a vital practice in sheep husbandry, and it occurs for several reasons:
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Wool Production: Shearing allows farmers to collect fleece, which can be sold or used for various products. Wool is a significant source of income for sheep farming.
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Animal Welfare: Shearing helps to prevent overheating and reduces the risk of flystrike or other health issues associated with excessive fleece buildup. It is essential for maintaining the health and comfort of the sheep.
Step 4
In relation to any named disease of sheep, describe its cause, its symptoms and its control.
Answer
One named disease of sheep is blowfly strike.
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Cause: Blowfly strike is primarily caused by the infestation of the sheep by blowflies, which lay eggs in soiled or damp wool. When the larvae hatch, they can cause severe skin damage.
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Symptoms: Affected sheep may exhibit signs such as restlessness, a characteristic smell, and visible lesions or fly larvae on the skin. Heavy infestations can lead to stress and even death if not treated promptly.
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Control: Control measures include preventive treatments such as applying insecticides, improving hygiene practices to minimize fleece soiling, and ensuring that sheep are kept in a clean environment. Regular inspection of sheep for signs of flies and early intervention can also help manage this disease.