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Give a scientific explanation for each of the following practices carried out on tillage farms: (a) Crop rotation - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 20 - 2011
Question 20
Give a scientific explanation for each of the following practices carried out on tillage farms: (a) Crop rotation. (b) Sowing certified seed. (c) Applying selecti... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Give a scientific explanation for each of the following practices carried out on tillage farms: (a) Crop rotation - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 20 - 2011
Step 1
Crop rotation.
Answer
Crop rotation is the practice of alternating the types of crops grown on a particular piece of land across seasons. This method can prevent the build-up of pests and diseases that are specific to certain crops. Additionally, it promotes more balanced nutrient uptake as different crops have varying nutrient needs. By improving soil structure and organic matter content, crop rotation enhances soil health, leading to better overall crop productivity.
Step 2
Sowing certified seed.
Answer
Sowing certified seed involves using seeds that are tested for purity and germination rates. This practice reduces the risk of introducing weeds and diseases into the crop. Certified seeds are often sourced from reliable suppliers, ensuring they are free from pests and have been graded for size and quality. This contributes to higher yield potential and better resistance against environmental stresses.
Step 3
Applying selective herbicide.
Answer
Applying selective herbicide is a method to control weed populations while preserving the main crop. Selective herbicides target specific types of weeds without affecting the crop, which allows for effective weed management. This practice is essential in maintaining crop health and maximizing yields, as it reduces competition for resources such as light, water, and nutrients.
Step 4
Planting winter varieties of cereals.
Answer
Planting winter varieties of cereals offers several advantages, including the ability to survive frost and longer growing seasons. These varieties can increase yield capacity by allowing earlier harvesting and lessening the harvest load in spring on mixed farms. This practice also optimizes the use of land and resources, leading to better overall productivity. Moreover, winter cereals can establish roots earlier, enhancing soil protection and improving resilience to weather extremes at harvest time.