7. (i) State the Law of Independent Assortment - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 7 - 2015
Question 7
7. (i) State the Law of Independent Assortment.
(ii) Explain the following terms:
1. Sex linkage:
- Gene located on sex chromosomes (or on X or Y chromosomes) or ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:7. (i) State the Law of Independent Assortment - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question 7 - 2015
Step 1
State the Law of Independent Assortment.
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Answer
The Law of Independent Assortment states that Alleles of different genes segregate independently of one another during the formation of gametes.
Step 2
Explain the following terms: 1. Sex linkage.
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Answer
Sex linkage refers to genes located on sex chromosomes, either on the X or Y chromosomes. This means these genes are inherited differently based on the sex of the individual.
Step 3
Explain the following terms: 2. Clone.
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A clone is a group of cells or organisms that are genetically identical to each other. This can occur through asexual reproduction, where organisms are produced from a single cell of a donor organism.
Step 4
Explain the following terms: 3. Polyploid.
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Polyploid refers to cells that contain more than two copies of each chromosome, typically denoted as 3N, 4N, or similar notation.
Step 5
State the genotypes of the bull and cow using the above notation.
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Answer
The four possible calf phenotypes are:
Red straight coat
Red curly coat
Black straight coat
Black curly coat
Step 7
Which of the possible phenotypes indicate that independent assortment has taken place?
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Answer
The presence of red curly coat and black straight coat phenotypes indicates that independent assortment has occurred since these combinations are not present in the parental genotypes.
Step 8
Discuss the advantages of using sexed semen rather than conventional semen.
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Using sexed semen offers several advantages:
More heifers (female calves) can be produced, avoiding unwanted bull calves.
Reduced calving difficulty, as female calves are generally smaller and easier to deliver.
Improved herd quality with higher milk yield potential.
Better herd management by allowing farmers to select for traits that are more desirable in dairy production, such as higher milk yield and reduced need for bulls for breeding.
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