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Describe the main processes at work during the conversion of grass to silage - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question a - 2018
Question a
Describe the main processes at work during the conversion of grass to silage. Relate three practical steps in the making of good quality silage to the processes abo... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe the main processes at work during the conversion of grass to silage - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question a - 2018
Step 1
Describe the main processes at work during the conversion of grass to silage.
Answer
The conversion of grass to silage involves several key processes:
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Anaerobic Conditions: The preservation of grass as silage requires anaerobic conditions, which prevent spoilage and fermentation by unwanted bacteria.
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Lactobacillus Species: Beneficial bacteria, particularly Lactobacillus species, thrive in anaerobic conditions and play a crucial role in fermentation.
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Fermentation Process: During the fermentation process, the carbohydrates present in grass are converted into organic acids, particularly lactic acid. This acidification lowers the pH of the silage, creating an environment that inhibits the growth of spoilage organisms and pathogens.
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Preservation: As a result, the grass is preserved and can be stored for an extended period, maintaining its nutritional value.
Step 2
Relate three practical steps in the making of good quality silage to the processes above.
Answer
To ensure the production of high-quality silage, the following three practical steps can be implemented:
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Cut Grass at Optimal Time: It is essential to cut the grass when it is dry and at its correct heading-out stage. This maximizes the carbohydrate content, encouraging strong lactic acid production during fermentation.
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Chop Grass Properly: The grass should be cut into smaller pieces to increase surface area. This enhances the access of Lactobacillus bacteria to carbohydrates, allowing for more efficient fermentation.
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Seal Rapidly and Exclude Air: After filling the silage pit, it is crucial to seal it tightly to exclude air. This preserves the anaerobic environment necessary for the beneficial fermentation process to occur, preventing spoilage.