a) (i) Name two species of grass commonly sown on Irish farms - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question Question 1 - 2014

1. Nitrogen Fixation: Clover has the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil, which enhances soil fertility and reduces the need for synthetic fertilizers.

2. Improved Forage Quality: Clover is highly palatable and nutritious for livestock, improving overall forage quality and supporting better growth rates.

The labelled diagram should illustrate a paddock grazing system with sections for each paddock, a water source, fencing, and shelter for livestock. Labels should include 'Paddock A', 'Paddock B', 'Water Supply', 'Fence', and 'Shelter'.

1. Better Grass Utilization: Paddock grazing allows for more efficient usage of grass, as it minimizes wastage and leads to better regrowth.

2. Parasite Control: Rotating livestock through different paddocks helps in managing parasite loads, reducing disease incidence among herds.

1. Increased Growth Rates: Mixed grazing can lead to improved growth rates in both cattle and sheep due to the complementary foraging behaviors of the two species.

2. Nutrient Recycling: Different grazing patterns lead to better nutrient recycling in the pasture, enhancing soil health and productivity.

The main plant nutrient found in Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) is Nitrogen, which is critical for plant growth and development.

To assess the effect of CAN on grass growth, set up two plots of equal size, one receiving CAN and the other serving as a control without fertilization. Apply CAN at recommended rates to the experimental plot. Over a specified period, measure parameters such as grass height, biomass, and root development. Compare the growth observed in both plots to draw conclusions about the efficacy of CAN.