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A number of factors are needed for seeds to germinate - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question b - 2014
Question b
A number of factors are needed for seeds to germinate. (i) Explain the term germination. (ii) List three factors needed for germination to take place. (iii) Give ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:A number of factors are needed for seeds to germinate - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question b - 2014
Step 1
Explain the term germination.
Answer
Germination is the process in which a seed develops into a new plant. It involves the transformation of a dormant seed, re-growing an embryo after a period of dormancy, and the seed beginning to sprout and grow into its first forms. This process requires specific environmental conditions to initiate.
Step 2
List three factors needed for germination to take place.
Answer
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Warmth or suitable temperature: Seeds typically require a specific temperature range to initiate germination.
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Moisture: Water is essential for the seed to swell and begin metabolic processes.
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Oxygen or air: Seeds need oxygen for respiration, which supports the energy required for growth.
Step 3
Give two reasons why maize is commonly sown under plastic.
Answer
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Keeps soil temperature higher: The plastic cover helps retain heat in the soil, promoting earlier and better germination.
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Weed control: The plastic reduces weed growth, allowing the maize plants to access more nutrients and water.
Step 4
Describe an experiment to investigate the percentage (%) germination in a sample of seeds.
Answer
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Gather the seeds to be tested and count a specific number (e.g., 100 seeds).
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Soak the seeds in water for 24 hours to facilitate germination.
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Place the seeds on a suitable container or medium such as cotton wool or a seed tray.
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Maintain a warm environment and ensure consistent moisture by regular watering.
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After a set period (e.g., one week), count the number of seeds that have sprouted.
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Calculate the percentage of germination using the formula:
ext{Percentage} = rac{ ext{Number of seeds sprouted}}{ ext{Total number of seeds}} imes 100