Describe in detail the production of a named cereal crop under each of the following headings:
(i) Soil suitability - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question b - 2014
Question b
Describe in detail the production of a named cereal crop under each of the following headings:
(i) Soil suitability.
(ii) Preparation of the seed bed.
(iii) Sowing ... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Describe in detail the production of a named cereal crop under each of the following headings:
(i) Soil suitability - Leaving Cert Agricultural Science - Question b - 2014
Step 1
Soil suitability
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Answer
For growing wheat, the soil should ideally have a pH range of 6.6 to 6.8, making it deep, fertile, and well-draining. Ideal soil types include light sandy loam or brown earth. This allows for proper root development and nutrient absorption, essential for high yield.
Step 2
Preparation of the seed bed
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The preparation of the seed bed involves ploughing to a depth of 12-20 cm and harrowing to produce a fine seed bed. This is typically done in the autumn to ensure good soil structure and moisture retention for optimal seed germination.
Step 3
Sowing the seed
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Sowing of wheat typically occurs in February to April. The seeding rate should be approximately 140-220 kg per hectare, depending on soil fertility and moisture conditions. It's important to ensure even distribution by using a precision drill or poste sowing rolling method.
Step 4
Use of fertiliser
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Fertilizer application for wheat can be done using NPK 10:20:20 or 18:6:12 formulations. These provide the necessary nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium essential for healthy plant growth and maximize yield.
Step 5
Harvesting
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Harvesting of wheat is typically conducted using a combine harvester during the months of July to September. This method is efficient for large areas and ensures optimal grain quality.
Step 6
Straw yield
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The straw yield from wheat production is estimated at around 3-4 tonnes per hectare. This straw can be used for various purposes, including animal bedding and as a source of organic matter for soil improvement.
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