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Question 9
Stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium and nickel! A piece of stainless steel consists of 70% iron, 20% chromium and 10% nickel by volume. The relative densit... show full transcript
Step 1
Answer
To find the relative density of stainless steel, we can use the formula for the density of a mixture.
Let the volume of the stainless steel be 1 m³. The contributions of iron, chromium, and nickel can be calculated as follows:
The respective densities are:
Using the formula:
ho_{stainless ext{ steel}} = rac{(V_1 imes ho_1) + (V_2 imes ho_2) + (V_3 imes ho_3)}{V_{total}}$$ Substituting the values:ho_{stainless ext{ steel}} = rac{(0.7 imes 7800) + (0.2 imes 7200) + (0.1 imes 8900)}{1}$$
Calculating this gives:
ho_{stainless ext{ steel}} = 7790 ext{ kg/m}³$$ Thus, the relative density of stainless steel, $s = rac{ ho_{stainless ext{ steel}}}{ ho_{water}} = rac{7790}{1000} = 7.79$.Step 2
Answer
Let the length of the immersed part of the rod be x. Based on Archimedes' principle, the weight of the liquid displaced (which equals the weight of the rod) must balance the weight of the rod:
The buoyant force, B, can be expressed as:
Where 0.9 is the relative density of the liquid. However, since it is given:
Setting these equal gives:
For equilibrium:
W imes ext{sin} heta = B = x imes (2 - rac{x}{2}) imes g
Rearranging this gives:
Using the given dimensions:
Solving the quadratic equation for x yields:
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