Comment on the difficulty of defining viruses as living organisms - Leaving Cert Biology - Question b - 2007
Question b
Comment on the difficulty of defining viruses as living organisms.
What are the two main biochemical components of a virus particle?
Name two diseases caused by viru... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Comment on the difficulty of defining viruses as living organisms - Leaving Cert Biology - Question b - 2007
Step 1
Comment on the difficulty of defining viruses as living organisms.
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Answer
Defining viruses as living organisms is challenging because they do not exhibit all the characteristics that typically qualify something as living. For instance, viruses lack cellular structure, cannot carry out metabolism independently, and require a host cell to replicate. Instead of being classified as living entities, they are often described as obligate parasites, which can exist in a crystalline form and contain either DNA or RNA, but not both.
Step 2
What are the two main biochemical components of a virus particle?
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The two main biochemical components of a virus particle are genetic material, either DNA or RNA, and a protein coat (capsid) that encases the genetic material.
Step 3
Name two diseases caused by viruses.
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Two diseases caused by viruses include smallpox and influenza. Other examples include chickenpox, polio, and the common cold.
Step 4
Give an example of a beneficial application of a virus.
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An example of a beneficial application of a virus is the use of bacteriophages in genetic engineering or in vaccine production, where they can act as vectors in the treatment of diseases.
Step 5
What is an antibiotic?
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An antibiotic is a substance produced by microorganisms that can kill or inhibit the growth of specific microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi.
Step 6
Antibiotics should not be prescribed for a person suffering from a viral infection. Suggest a reason for this.
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Antibiotics should not be prescribed for viral infections because they are ineffective against viruses. Additionally, unnecessary use of antibiotics can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, posing a greater health risk.
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