(a) (i) (The sum of all) the chemical reactions (in an organism) or catabolism + anabolism
(ii) e.g - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2010
Question 12
(a) (i) (The sum of all) the chemical reactions (in an organism) or catabolism + anabolism
(ii) e.g. For movement/for heat/for making products for internal transpor... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:(a) (i) (The sum of all) the chemical reactions (in an organism) or catabolism + anabolism
(ii) e.g - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2010
Step 1
i) What is an enzyme?
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Answer
An enzyme is a biological catalyst that accelerates chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process. Enzymes are typically proteins that work by lowering the activation energy of reactions, allowing them to occur more quickly and efficiently.
Step 2
ii) Explain what is meant by the term pH.
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pH is a scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, where 7 is neutral. Values below 7 indicate acidic conditions, while values above 7 indicate basic (alkaline) conditions. The pH of a solution affects enzyme activity, as enzymes have optimal pH levels at which they function most effectively.
Step 3
b) (i) Name the enzyme you used in this investigation.
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The enzyme used in this investigation is amylase.
Step 4
ii) Name the substrate of this enzyme.
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Answer
The substrate of amylase is starch.
Step 5
iii) The product of this enzyme.
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The product of this enzyme is maltose.
Step 6
iv) Draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus you used in your investigation.
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A labelled diagram should include a test tube containing the reaction mixture (starch solution and amylase), a water bath to maintain temperature, and a pH meter for measuring pH levels.
Step 7
v) How did you vary the pH?
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I varied the pH by using different buffer solutions that had specific pH levels, such as buffer pH 5, 7, and 9.
Step 8
vi) Name one factor you kept constant.
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One factor I kept constant was the temperature of the reaction.
Step 9
vii) How did you keep the named factor constant?
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I kept the temperature constant by conducting all experiments in a water bath set to 37°C.
Step 10
viii) Draw a graph, on the axes given below, to show the results of this investigation.
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A graph should plot pH on the x-axis and rate of enzyme activity on the y-axis, often showing an optimal peak at a certain pH level indicating maximum enzyme activity.
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