12. (i) Explain briefly what is meant by respiration - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2007
Question 12
12. (i) Explain briefly what is meant by respiration.
Respiration is the biochemical process through which living organisms convert food, particularly carbohydrates... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:12. (i) Explain briefly what is meant by respiration - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2007
Step 1
(i) Explain briefly what is meant by respiration.
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Answer
Respiration is the biochemical process in living organisms where glucose and oxygen are used to produce energy, along with carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. This vital process powers cellular activities and is essential for life.
Step 2
(ii) Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
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Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen, resulting in the complete breakdown of glucose into carbon dioxide and water, yielding a high amount of energy. In contrast, anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen, resulting in the incomplete breakdown of glucose and producing less energy along with byproducts like lactic acid or ethanol.
Step 3
(i) Copy the table below into your answer book and complete the final column.
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Type of respiration
Energy Source
End products
Aerobic respiration
Glucose
Carbon Dioxide/Water/ATP
Anaerobic respiration in muscle
Glucose
Lactic Acid
Anaerobic respiration in yeast
Glucose
Alcohol/Carbon Dioxide/ATP
Step 4
(ii) In stage 1 of respiration, glucose is partly broken down. Where in the cell does this happen?
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This process happens in the cytoplasm or cytosol.
Step 5
(iii) Name the cell component shown in the diagram in which stage 2 of respiration takes place.
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The component is the mitochondrion.
Step 6
(iv) Which stage of respiration releases more energy?
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Answer
Stage 2 of respiration, which occurs in the mitochondria during aerobic respiration, releases more energy compared to stage 1.
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