Explain the following terms used in human nutrition:
(i) Heterotroph
(ii) Omnivore
(iii) Peristalsis - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2019
Question 12
Explain the following terms used in human nutrition:
(i) Heterotroph
(ii) Omnivore
(iii) Peristalsis.
The passage of food through the human digestive tract invol... show full transcript
Worked Solution & Example Answer:Explain the following terms used in human nutrition:
(i) Heterotroph
(ii) Omnivore
(iii) Peristalsis - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 12 - 2019
Step 1
Explain the following terms used in human nutrition: (i) Heterotroph
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Answer
A heterotroph is an organism that obtains food from other organisms and cannot manufacture its own food. This includes animals, fungi, and some bacteria that depend on other living entities for their nutrient supply.
Step 2
Explain the following terms used in human nutrition: (ii) Omnivore
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Answer
An omnivore is an organism that consumes both plant and animal material. Examples include humans, pigs, and bears, as they can eat fruits, vegetables, meat, and fish.
Step 3
Explain the following terms used in human nutrition: (iii) Peristalsis
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Answer
Peristalsis refers to the muscular contractions of the gut wall that facilitate the movement of food through the digestive tract. This process is crucial for the progression of food, mixing, and absorption.
Step 4
In your answer book, rewrite these steps, placing them in the correct order: Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Egestion
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Answer
The correct order is:
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Egestion
Step 5
Describe what happens during each of the steps, and say where each step occurs: Ingestion
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Answer
Ingestion is the process of taking food into the body, which occurs primarily in the mouth where food is consumed and chewed.
Step 6
Describe what happens during each of the steps, and say where each step occurs: Digestion
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Answer
Digestion involves breaking down the food into smaller molecules. This process begins in the mouth and continues in the stomach and small intestine.
Step 7
Describe what happens during each of the steps, and say where each step occurs: Absorption
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Absorption is when the broken-down food molecules enter the bloodstream; this primarily occurs in the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed into the body.
Step 8
Describe what happens during each of the steps, and say where each step occurs: Egestion
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Answer
Egestion is the removal of undigested material from the body, which occurs when waste is expelled through the rectum or anus.
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