(a) (i) What is an ecosystem? (ii) Name two ecosystems found in Ireland - Leaving Cert Biology - Question 10 - 2005

Two ecosystems found in Ireland include:

1. Terrestrial ecosystem, such as forests or grasslands.
2. Aquatic ecosystem, such as lakes or rivers.

A = Diving beetle (Identified by having three pairs of joined legs).

B = Water mite (Identified by having four pairs of joined legs).

C = Hydra (Identified by the presence of a ring of tentacles around the mouth).

D = Pond snail (Identified by the presence of a shell).

E = Nematode (Identified by having a round body with pointed ends).

F = Planarian (Identified by having a flat body with eye spots).

G = Leech (Identified by being body divided into segments).

Pollution is defined as the introduction of harmful substances or contaminants into the natural environment, causing adverse changes.

One human activity that may result in pollution is industrial waste disposal, which can lead to the contamination of water sources. This pollution could be prevented by implementing proper waste management and treatment systems.

Conservation refers to the protection, preservation, and sustainable management of natural resources and the environment to prevent extinction and to maintain biodiversity.

Three reasons for conserving wild animals and plants include:

1. Maintaining biodiversity, which is vital for ecosystem stability.
2. Providing resources for food, medicine, and raw materials.
3. Ensuring ecological balance and supporting environmental health.